An Evaluation of Folic Acid Supplementation Adherence Among Pregnant Women in Benue State
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Background of the Study
Folic acid supplementation is essential for preventing neural tube defects (NTDs) and other congenital abnormalities in newborns. The WHO recommends that all pregnant women take a daily folic acid supplement, especially during the first trimester, to support fetal neural development. Despite global recommendations, adherence to folic acid supplementation remains a challenge in many developing countries, including Nigeria.
Benue State, known for its high maternal and neonatal health burden, has reported cases of birth defects that could be linked to inadequate folic acid intake. Several factors contribute to low adherence to folic acid supplementation, including limited awareness, poor healthcare access, cultural misconceptions, and socioeconomic constraints. While health authorities encourage prenatal supplement intake, many pregnant women fail to comply with prescribed dosages. This study aims to evaluate adherence to folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Benue State, identifying barriers and potential solutions to enhance compliance.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the proven benefits of folic acid supplementation, many pregnant women in Benue State do not adhere to the recommended intake. Non-adherence increases the risk of congenital disabilities, anemia, and pregnancy complications. Factors such as low education, misconceptions about supplements, and inadequate antenatal counseling contribute to this issue. However, there is limited empirical data on the adherence levels and challenges pregnant women face in Benue State. This study seeks to bridge this gap by evaluating folic acid supplementation adherence and suggesting strategies to improve compliance.
Objectives of the Study
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To assess the adherence level to folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Benue State.
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To identify factors influencing adherence to folic acid supplementation.
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To recommend interventions to improve folic acid supplementation adherence.
Research Questions
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What is the level of adherence to folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Benue State?
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What factors hinder adherence to folic acid supplementation?
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What strategies can improve folic acid supplementation compliance?
Research Hypotheses
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Low adherence to folic acid supplementation increases the risk of pregnancy complications.
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Socioeconomic status significantly influences adherence to folic acid supplementation.
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Improved antenatal education increases compliance with folic acid supplementation.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on pregnant women in Benue State, analyzing their adherence to folic acid supplementation and factors affecting compliance. Limitations include potential recall bias and variations in supplement availability.
Definitions of Terms
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Folic Acid: A synthetic form of folate used to prevent birth defects.
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Neural Tube Defects (NTDs): Congenital disabilities affecting the brain and spinal cord due to folic acid deficiency.
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Supplement Adherence: The extent to which individuals follow prescribed medication regimens.
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